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Inventory control or stock control can be broadly defined as "the activity of checking a shop's stock". [ 1] It is the process of ensuring that the right amount of supply is available within a business. [ 2] However, a more focused definition takes into account the more science-based, methodical practice of not only verifying a business's ...
Supply chain management is a cross-functional approach that includes managing the movement of raw materials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing of materials into finished goods, and the movement of finished goods out of the organization and toward the end consumer.
It is concerned with managing an entire production system that converts inputs (in the forms of raw materials, labor, consumers, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods and services for consumers). [ 2] Operations management covers sectors like banking systems, hospitals, companies, working with suppliers, customers, and using technology.
Sales and operations planning ( S&OP) is an integrated business management process through which the executive/leadership team continually achieves focus, alignment, and synchronization among all organization functions. The S&OP process includes an updated forecast that leads to a sales plan, production plan, inventory plan, customer lead time ...
Inventory ( American English) or stock ( British English) refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale, production or utilisation. [ nb 1] Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shape and placement of stocked goods. It is required at different locations within a facility or ...
Material theory (or more formally the mathematical theory of inventory and production) is the sub-specialty within operations research and operations management that is concerned with the design of production/inventory systems to minimize costs: it studies the decisions faced by firms and the military in connection with manufacturing, warehousing, supply chains, spare part allocation and so on ...
Newsvendor model. The newsvendor (or newsboy or single-period[ 1] or salvageable) model is a mathematical model in operations management and applied economics used to determine optimal inventory levels. It is (typically) characterized by fixed prices and uncertain demand for a perishable product. If the inventory level is , each unit of demand ...
Strategic inventory is a collection of stored goods where the primary rationale is rooted in the strategic interaction among involved parties within a supply chain. Different from other motives for inventory management, such as fixed costs (e.g. cyclic inventory in the economic order quantity model ), uncertainties in demand and supply ( safety ...