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In December 2014, Microsoft filed a lawsuit against a California-based company operating such scams for "misusing Microsoft's name and trademarks" and "creating security issues for victims by gaining access to their computers and installing malicious software, including a password grabber that could provide access to personal and financial ...
An advance-fee scam is a form of fraud and is one of the most common types of confidence tricks. The scam typically involves promising the victim a significant share of a large sum of money, in return for a small up-front payment, which the fraudster claims will be used to obtain the large sum. [1] [2] If a victim makes the payment, the ...
In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [1] protecting a computer system. A common approach ( brute-force attack) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [2] Another type of approach is password spraying, which ...
Naive Bayes classifiers are a popular statistical technique of e-mail filtering. They typically use bag-of-words features to identify email spam, an approach commonly used in text classification . Naive Bayes classifiers work by correlating the use of tokens (typically words, or sometimes other things), with spam and non-spam e-mails and then ...
A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ( CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator ( CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. It is also referred to as a cryptographic random number generator ( CRNG ).
A magnetohydrodynamic generator ( MHD generator) is a magnetohydrodynamic converter that transforms thermal energy and kinetic energy directly into electricity. An MHD generator, like a conventional generator, relies on moving a conductor through a magnetic field to generate electric current. The MHD generator uses hot conductive ionized gas (a ...
Welfare fraud. Excerpt from a report on welfare fraud (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, August 2014) by the US Government Accountability Office. Welfare fraud is the act of illegally using state welfare systems by knowingly withholding or giving information to obtain more funds than would otherwise be allocated.
UTF-1. v. t. e. UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding standard used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from Unicode Transformation Format – 8-bit. [1] UTF-8 is capable of encoding all 1,112,064 [a] valid Unicode code points using one to four one- byte (8-bit) code units.