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The neutral value of the pH depends on the temperature and is lower than 7 if the temperature increases above 25 °C. The pH range is commonly given as zero to 14, but a pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids or greater than 14 for very concentrated strong bases. [2] The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard ...
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH ( acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [ 1] Hence, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H 3 O +) or hydrogen ions (H +) in the ...
Universal indicator. A universal indicator is a pH indicator made of a solution of several compounds that exhibit various smooth colour changes over a wide range pH values to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. A universal indicator can be in paper form or present in a form of a solution. [ 1]
Litmus. Look up litmus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Litmus is a water-soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens. It is often absorbed onto filter paper to produce one of the oldest forms of pH indicator, used to test materials for acidity. In an acidic medium, blue litmus paper turns red, while in a basic or alkaline ...
The pH after the equivalence point depends on the concentration of the conjugate base of the weak acid and the strong base of the titrant. However, the base of the titrant is stronger than the conjugate base of the acid. Therefore, the pH in this region is controlled by the strong base. As such the pH can be found using the following: [1]
Beckman model 72 pH meter, 1960. 781 pH/Ion Meter pH meter by Metrohm. A pH meter is a scientific instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion activity in water-based solutions, indicating its acidity or alkalinity expressed as pH. [ 2] The pH meter measures the difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference electrode ...
Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). [ 1] The proper balance between the acids and bases (i.e. the pH) in the ECF is crucial for the normal physiology of the body—and for cellular metabolism. [ 1] The pH of the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid need to be ...
Intracellular pH ( pHi) is the measure of the acidity or basicity (i.e., pH) of intracellular fluid. The pH i plays a critical role in membrane transport and other intracellular processes. In an environment with the improper pH i, biological cells may have compromised function. [ 1][ 2] Therefore, pH i is closely regulated in order to ensure ...