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Natural gas. Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) [ 1] in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Traces of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and helium are also usually present. [ 2]
Renewable natural gas. Renewable natural gas (RNG), also known as biomethane, is a renewable fuel and biogas which has been upgraded to a quality similar to fossil natural gas and has a methane concentration of 90% or greater. [ 1] By removing CO2 and other impurities from biogas, and increasing the concentration of methane to a level similar ...
A natural-gas processing plant in Aderklaa, Austria. Natural-gas processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants such as solids, water, carbon dioxide (CO 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), mercury and higher molecular mass hydrocarbons to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas [1] for pipeline distribution and final use. [2]
Therm. The therm (symbol, thm) is a non- SI unit of heat energy equal to 100,000 British thermal units (BTU), [ 1] and approximately 105 megajoules, 29.3 kilowatt-hours, 25,200 kilocalories and 25.2 thermies. One therm is the energy content of approximately 100 cubic feet (2.83 cubic metres) of natural gas at standard temperature and pressure.
Fossil fuel. A fossil fuel[ a] is a carbon compound - or hydrocarbon -containing material such as coal, oil, and natural gas, [ 2] formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the remains of prehistoric organisms (animals, plants and planktons ), a process that occurs within geological formations. Reservoirs of such compound mixtures can be ...
Prices reached a low of around (2006 US) $17/Mcm in the late 1940s, when more than 20 percent of the natural gas being withdrawn from U.S. reserves was vented or flared. Beginning in 1954, the Federal Power Commission regulated the price of US natural gas transported across state lines.
A Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) utilizes compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an alternative fuel source. Distinguished from autogas vehicles fueled by liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), NGV's rely on methane combustion, resulting in cleaner emissions due to the removal of contaminants from the natural gas source.
Sour gas. Sour gas is natural gas or any other gas containing significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). Natural gas is usually considered sour if there are more than 5.7 milligrams of H 2 S per cubic meter of natural gas, which is equivalent to approximately 4 ppm by volume under standard temperature and pressure.