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A proximal humerus fracture is a break of the upper part of the bone of the arm . [3] Symptoms include pain, swelling, and a decreased ability to move the shoulder. [1] Complications may include axillary nerve or axillary artery injury. [3] The cause is generally a fall onto the arm or direct trauma to the arm. [3]
Shoulder impingement syndrome. Shoulder impingement syndrome is a syndrome involving tendonitis ( inflammation of tendons) of the rotator cuff muscles as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion. It is particularly associated with tendonitis of the supraspinatus muscle. [ 1] This can result in pain, weakness ...
Thoracic outlet syndrome ( TOS) is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture, the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit, also known as the thoracic outlet. [ 1] There are three main types: neurogenic, venous, and arterial. [ 1] The neurogenic type is the most common and ...
A scapular fracture is a fracture of the scapula, the shoulder blade. The scapula is sturdy and located in a protected place, so it rarely breaks. When it does, it is an indication that the individual was subjected to a considerable amount of force and that severe chest trauma may be present. [ 1] High-speed vehicle accidents are the most ...
Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a process of senescence. The pathophysiology is mucoid degeneration. [ 4] Most people develop rotator cuff tendinopathy within their lifetime. [ 5] As part of rotator cuff tendinopathy, the tendon can thin and develop a defect. This defect is often referred to as a rotator cuff tear.
Shoulder problems including pain, are one of the more common reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms. The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. This instability increases the likelihood of joint injury, often leading to a degenerative process in ...
Klumpke's paralysis is a form of paralysis involving the muscles of the forearm and hand, resulting from a brachial plexus injury in which the eighth cervical ( C8) and first thoracic (T1) nerves are injured either before or after they have joined to form the lower trunk. The subsequent paralysis affects, principally, the intrinsic muscles of ...
A Bankart lesion is a type of shoulder injury that occurs following a dislocated shoulder. [ 3] It is an injury of the anterior ( inferior) glenoid labrum of the shoulder. [ 4] When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it.