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Tuberculosis ( TB ), also known colloquially as the " white death ", or historically as consumption, [ 7] is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [ 1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [ 1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is ...
The history of tuberculosis encompasses the origins of the disease, tuberculosis (TB) through to the vaccines and treatments methods developed to contain and mitigate its impact. Throughout history, the disease tuberculosis has been variously known as consumption, phthisis, and the White Plague. It is generally accepted that the causative agent ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis. [ 1][ 2] First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid.
A definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis can only be made by culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms from a specimen taken from the patient (most often sputum, but may also include pus, CSF, biopsied tissue, etc.). [1] A diagnosis made other than by culture may only be classified as "probable" or "presumed".
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, [2] in 2001, the QuantiFERON-TB test (QFT) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an aid for detecting latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This test is an in vitro diagnostic aid that measures a component of cell-mediated immune reactivity to M. tuberculosis.
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex ( MTC or MTBC) is a genetically related group of Mycobacterium species that can cause tuberculosis in humans or other animals. It includes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium africanum. Mycobacterium orygis [ 1] Mycobacterium bovis and the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin strain. Mycobacterium microti.
Tuberculosis classification system. The current clinical classification system for tuberculosis (TB) is based on the pathogenesis of the disease. [ 1] Health care providers should comply with local laws and regulations requiring the reporting of TB. All persons with class 3 or class 5 TB should be reported promptly to the local health department.
Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid , rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide , and ethambutol for the first two months.