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Martin L. Hoffman was an American psychologist and a professor emeritus of clinical and developmental psychology at New York University. [1] In his career, Hoffman is primarily focused on development of empathy and its relationship with moral development, [2] which he defines as "people's consideration for others." [3]
The Cass identity model is one of the fundamental theories of LGBT identity development, developed in 1979 by Vivienne Cass. [ 1] This model was one of the first to treat LGBT people as normal in a heterosexist society and in a climate of homophobia and biphobia instead of treating homosexuality and bisexuality themselves as a problem.
Chickering's theory focuses primarily on identity development. It examines this by means of seven vectors of development which contribute to the development of identity: [ 2] These vectors can be thought of as a series of stages or tasks that deal with feeling, thinking, believing, and relating to others. Individuals may progress through the ...
The White racial identity attitude scale was developed by African American Psychologists, Janet Helms and Robert Carter in 1990. It was designed and consists of 50 items to help understand the attitudes reflecting the five-status model of the White racial identity development (contact, disintegration, reintegration/pseudo independence, immersion/emersion, and autonomy). [5]
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural psychology, developed by Geert Hofstede. It shows the effects of a society's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis. [ 1] Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory.
e. Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, as articulated in the second half of the 20th century by Erik Erikson in collaboration with Joan Erikson, [ 1] is a comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages that a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood .
Identity formation. Identity formation, also called identity development or identity construction, is a complex process in which humans develop a clear and unique view of themselves and of their identity . Self-concept, personality development, and values are all closely related to identity formation. Individuation is also a critical part of ...
Social/personality models for ethnic identity, unlike the more known Phinney's model for ethnic identity development derived from Erickson's model of personality development, focus less so on the development stages of ERI and more so on their content -what it means to the person and its impact on said person (concepts typically more explored in ...