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Chickenpox. Chickenpox, also known as varicella ( / ˌvɛrəˈsɛlə / VER-ə-SEL-ə ), is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family. [ 3][ 7][ 5] The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which ...
The history of smallpox extends into pre-history. [ 1] Genetic evidence suggests that the smallpox virus emerged 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. [ 2] Prior to that, similar ancestral viruses circulated, but possibly only in other mammals, and possibly with different symptoms. Only a few written reports dating from about 500 AD to 1000 AD are ...
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.
The name of the family, Poxviridae, is a legacy of the original grouping of viruses associated with diseases that produced poxes on the skin. Modern viral classification is based on phenotypic characteristics; morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause.
Monkeypox belongs to the family of poxviruses, which includes smallpox. The disease got its name after scientists discovered it among laboratory monkeys in 1958. The first monkeypox case in a ...
Mpox infection was immediately suspected, and the patient was hospitalised at Guy's Hospital [2] and isolated, then tested positive for the virus on 6 May. [ 1 ] On 12 May two new cases of mpox were confirmed by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), both in London, [ 3 ] living together in the same household, with no known link between either ...
The 1837 Great Plains smallpox epidemic spanned 1836 through 1840 but reached its height after the spring of 1837, when an American Fur Company steamboat, the SS St. Peter, carried infected people and supplies up the Missouri River in the Midwestern United States. [ 1] The disease spread rapidly to indigenous populations with no natural ...
An 1802 cartoon of Edward Jenner 's cowpox-derived smallpox vaccine. Diseases and epidemics of the 19th century included long-standing epidemic threats such as smallpox, typhus, yellow fever, and scarlet fever. In addition, cholera emerged as an epidemic threat and spread worldwide in six pandemics in the nineteenth century.