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Software protection dongle. A software protection dongle (commonly known as a dongle or key) is an electronic copy protection and content protection device. When connected to a computer or other electronics, they unlock software functionality or decode content. [ 1] The hardware key is programmed with a product key or other cryptographic ...
Encrypting File System. The Encrypting File System ( EFS) on Microsoft Windows is a feature introduced in version 3.0 of NTFS [ 1] that provides filesystem-level encryption. The technology enables files to be transparently encrypted to protect confidential data from attackers with physical access to the computer.
The symmetric encryption key is maintained independently from the computer's CPU, thus allowing the complete data store to be encrypted and removing computer memory as a potential attack vector. Hardware-FDE has two major components: the hardware encryptor and the data store. There are currently four varieties of hardware-FDE in common use:
Disk encryption. Disk encryption is a technology which protects information by converting it into code that cannot be deciphered easily by unauthorized people or processes. Disk encryption uses disk encryption software or hardware to encrypt every bit of data that goes on a disk or disk volume. It is used to prevent unauthorized access to data ...
BitLocker is a logical volume encryption system. (A volume spans part of a hard disk drive, the whole drive or more than one drive.) When enabled, TPM and BitLocker can ensure the integrity of the trusted boot path (e.g. BIOS and boot sector), in order to prevent most offline physical attacks and boot sector malware.
Trusted Platform Module ( TPM) is an international standard for a secure cryptoprocessor, a dedicated microcontroller designed to secure hardware through integrated cryptographic keys. The term can also refer to a chip conforming to the standard ISO/IEC 11889. Common uses are to verify platform integrity (to verify that the boot process starts ...
Pre-boot authentication ( PBA) or power-on authentication ( POA) [1] serves as an extension of the BIOS, UEFI or boot firmware and guarantees a secure, tamper-proof environment external to the operating system as a trusted authentication layer. The PBA prevents anything being read from the hard disk such as the operating system until the user ...
An HSM in PCIe format. A hardware security module ( HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages secrets (most importantly digital keys ), performs encryption and decryption functions for digital signatures, strong authentication and other cryptographic functions. [ 1] These modules traditionally come in the form of a plug-in ...