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Inventory ( American English) or stock ( British English) refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale, production or utilisation. [ nb 1] Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shape and placement of stocked goods. It is required at different locations within a facility or ...
Inventory control or stock control can be broadly defined as "the activity of checking a shop's stock". [ 1] It is the process of ensuring that the right amount of supply is available within a business. [ 2] However, a more focused definition takes into account the more science-based, methodical practice of not only verifying a business's ...
Vendor-managed inventory ( VMI) is an inventory management practice in which a supplier of goods, usually the manufacturer, is responsible for optimizing the inventory held by a distributor. Under VMI, the retailer shares their inventory data with a vendor (sometimes called supplier) such that the vendor is the decision-maker who determines the ...
The term is used in supply chain management, and WIP is a key input for calculating inventory on a company's balance sheet. In lean thinking , inappropriate processing or excessive processing of goods or work in process, "doing more than is necessary", is seen as one of the seven wastes (Japanese term: muda ) which do not add value to a product.
In inventory management, a stock keeping unit (abbreviated as SKU, pronounced es-kay-YOO or SKEW [1]) is the unit of measure in which the stocks of a material are managed.It is a distinct type of item for sale, [2] purchase, or tracking in inventory, [3] such as a product or service, and all attributes associated with the item type that distinguish it from other item types (for a product ...
Inventory management software is a software system for tracking inventory levels, orders, sales and deliveries. [ 1] It can also be used in the manufacturing industry to create a work order, bill of materials and other production-related documents. Companies use inventory management software to avoid product overstock and outages.
Material theory (or more formally the mathematical theory of inventory and production) is the sub-specialty within operations research and operations management that is concerned with the design of production/inventory systems to minimize costs: it studies the decisions faced by firms and the military in connection with manufacturing, warehousing, supply chains, spare part allocation and so on ...
IAS 2 defines inventories as assets which are: in the form of materials or supplies to be consumed in the production or rendering of services. IAS 2 requires that those assets that are considered inventory should be recorded at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Cost not only includes the purchase cost but also the conversion costs ...