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R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization.It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics, and data analysis. [9]The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.
The extensible NEXUS file format is widely used in bioinformatics. It stores information about taxa, morphological and molecular characters, distances, genetic codes, assumptions, sets, trees, etc. [ 1] Several popular phylogenetic programs such as PAUP*, [ 2] MrBayes, [ 3] Mesquite, [ 4] MacClade [ 5] and SplitsTree [ 6] use this format.
The tech tree is the representation of all possible paths of research a player can take, up to the culmination of said sequence. A player who is engaged in research activities is said to be "teching up", "going up the tech tree", or "moving up the tech tree". Analysis of a tech tree can lead players to memorize and use specific build orders .
The term can be traced to World War I, where it was recognized as a crucial skill for crews in military aircraft. [ 15 ] There is evidence that the term situational awareness was first employed at the Douglas Aircraft Company during human factors engineering research while developing vertical and horizontal situation displays and evaluating ...
A decision tree is a flowchart -like structure in which each internal node represents a "test" on an attribute (e.g. whether a coin flip comes up heads or tails), each branch represents the outcome of the test, and each leaf node represents a class label (decision taken after computing all attributes). The paths from root to leaf represent ...
Constructing skill trees. Constructing skill trees (CST) is a hierarchical reinforcement learning algorithm which can build skill trees from a set of sample solution trajectories obtained from demonstration. CST uses an incremental MAP ( maximum a posteriori) change point detection algorithm to segment each demonstration trajectory into skills ...
In mathematics and phylogenetics, Newick tree format (or Newick notation or New Hampshire tree format) is a way of representing graph-theoretical trees with edge lengths using parentheses and commas. It was adopted by James Archie, William H. E. Day, Joseph Felsenstein, Wayne Maddison, Christopher Meacham, F. James Rohlf, and David Swofford, at ...
R-tree. R-trees are tree data structures used for spatial access methods, i.e., for indexing multi-dimensional information such as geographical coordinates, rectangles or polygons. The R-tree was proposed by Antonin Guttman in 1984 [ 2] and has found significant use in both theoretical and applied contexts. [ 3]