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South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean; [18] [19] [20] to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini.
The economy of South Africa is a mixed economy, emerging market, and upper-middle-income economy, one of only eight such countries in Africa. [ 25][ 26][ 27] The economy is the most industrialised, technologically advanced, and diversified in Africa. [ 28] Following 1996, at the end of over twelve years of international sanctions, South Africa ...
The most present age groups among both male and female migrants range from 25 to 34 and 35–44. [5] There were approximately 370 thousand refugees in South Africa in 2019, the majority of which originate from neighboring Sub-Saharan African countries. [4] Migrants residing in South Africa pay over $1 billion (USD) in remittances, accounting ...
Black Economic Empowerment ( BEE) is a policy of the South African government which aims to facilitate broader participation in the economy by black people. A form of affirmative action, it is intended especially to redress the inequalities created by apartheid. The policy provides incentives – especially preferential treatment in government ...
Johannesburg is the economic and financial hub of South Africa, producing 16% of South Africa's gross domestic product, and accounts for 40% of Gauteng's economic activity. [citation needed] In a 2008 survey conducted by Mastercard, Johannesburg ranked 47 out of 50 top cities in the world as a worldwide centre of commerce (the only city in Africa).
Public universities in South Africa are divided into three types: traditional universities, which offer theoretically oriented university degrees; universities of technology ("technikons"), which offer vocational oriented diplomas and degrees; and comprehensive universities, which offer a combination of both types of qualification.
Basic Education in South Africa takes place in primary and secondary level from Grade 1 (6 - 7-year-olds) to Grade 12 (18 - 20-year-olds). Students who succeed in the year 12 graduate with a matriculation certificate, which enables them to transition to tertiary level education. [ 12]
In South Africa, this idea is known as the first (capitalist, high-profit industries) and second (underdeveloped) economies. [4] The first economy contributes to the majority of South Africa's wealth and is integrated within the world economy. The second economy consists of low-skilled and outdated jobs.