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Controlled-environment agriculture. Controlled-environment agriculture ( CEA) -- which includes indoor agriculture (IA) and vertical farming —is a technology-based approach toward food production. The aim of CEA is to provide protection from the outdoor elements and maintain optimal growing conditions throughout the development of the crop.
Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops in vertically and horizontally stacked layers. [ 1] It often incorporates controlled-environment agriculture, which aims to optimize plant growth, and soilless farming techniques such as hydroponics, aquaponics, and aeroponics. [ 1] Some common choices of structures to house vertical farming ...
Kratky method. The Kratky method is a passive hydroponic technique for growing plants suspended above a reservoir of nutrient-rich water. [ 1] Because it is a non-circulating technique, no additional inputs of water or nutrients are needed after the original application, and no electricity, pumps, or water and oxygen circulation systems are ...
An example of deep water culture in lettuce production. Deep water culture (DWC) is a hydroponic method of plant production by means of suspending the plant roots in a solution of nutrient-rich, oxygenated water. Also known as deep flow technique (DFT), floating raft technology (FRT), or raceway, this method uses a rectangular tank less than ...
Agriculture portal. v. t. e. Hydroponics[ 1] is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture which involves growing plants, usually crops or medicinal plants, without soil, by using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in an artificial environment.
Bowery Farming is a New York-based vertical farming and digital agriculture company with farms in New Jersey, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. [ 2][ 5] It grows and delivers pesticide-free lettuce, leafy greens, and herbs. [ 3][ 6][ 7] The largest vertical farming operation in the United States, it serves major retailers at over 850 locations ...
A farmstead in Perry Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania.. Agriculture is a major industry in the U.S. commonwealth of Pennsylvania. [1] As of the most recent United States Census of Agriculture conducted in 2017, there were 53,157 farms in Pennsylvania, covering an area of 7,278,668 acres (2,945,572 hectares) with an average size of 137 acres (55 hectares) per farm. [2]
Building-integrated agriculture. Building-integrated agriculture (BIA) is the practice of locating high-performance hydroponic greenhouse farming systems on and in mixed-use buildings to exploit synergies between the built environment and agriculture. [1]