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  2. Skopos theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skopos_theory

    Definition. Skopos (Greek: σκοπός) is a Greek word defined as "purpose". [5] It is a technical term, coined by Hans Vermeer, that represents the aim of a translation. [1] Paul Kussmaul illustrates skopos theory as "the functional approach has a great affinity with skopos theory. The function of a translation depends on the knowledge ...

  3. Translational research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translational_research

    Translational research (also called translation research, translational science, or, when the context is clear, simply translation) [1] [2] is research aimed at translating (converting) results in basic research into results that directly benefit humans. The term is used in science and technology, especially in biology and medical science.

  4. Translation memory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_memory

    A translation memory ( TM) is a database that stores "segments", which can be sentences, paragraphs or sentence-like units (headings, titles or elements in a list) that have previously been translated, in order to aid human translators. The translation memory stores the source text and its corresponding translation in language pairs called ...

  5. Machine translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation

    Kural translations by language. v. t. e. Machine translation is use of computational techniques to translate text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. Early approaches were mostly rule-based or statistical.

  6. Assistive technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive_technology

    In other words, assistive technology is any object or system that helps people with disabilities, while adaptive technology is specifically designed for disabled people. [6] Consequently, adaptive technology is a subset of assistive technology. Adaptive technology often refers specifically to electronic and information technology access. [7]

  7. Constructed language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructed_language

    Constructed language. A constructed language (shortened to conlang) [a] is a language whose phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary, instead of having developed naturally, are consciously devised for some purpose, which may include being devised for a work of fiction. A constructed language may also be referred to as an artificial ...

  8. Specialized translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialized_translation

    Translation. Specialized translation is a term and concept used in the translation business and in translation schools. A text to be translated is specialized if translating it calls for knowledge in some field that would not normally be part of a translator's or translation student's general knowledge.

  9. Bilingual dictionary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilingual_dictionary

    A bilingual dictionary or translation dictionary is a specialized dictionary used to translate words or phrases from one language to another. Bilingual dictionaries can be unidirectional, meaning that they list the meanings of words of one language in another, or can be bidirectional, allowing translation to and from both languages.