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The .50-70 Government cartridge became the official cartridge of the U.S. military in 1866 until being replaced by the .45-70 Government in 1873. The .50-70 cartridge has a pressure limit of 22,500 psi (155 MPa) [ 1] The official designation of this cartridge at the time of introduction was "US center-fire metallic cartridge", and the ...
The .50-90 Sharps is similar to the .50-100 Sharps and .50-110 Sharps cartridges. All three use the same 2.5-inch (64 mm) case, the latter two being loaded with more grains of black powder. All rifles made for the .50-90 Sharps should be able to use the .50-110 and .50-100 cartridges due to the case dimensions being nearly identical.
The .50-110 WCF / 13x61mmR (also known as the .50-100-450 WCF , with different loadings) in modern 1886 Winchesters with modern steel barrels is the most powerful lever-action cartridge, with up to 6,000 foot-pounds (8,100 J) of energy.
The 5.7×28mm cartridge next to similarly sized cartridges, from left to right: 4.6×30mm, 5.7×28mm, .30 Carbine. The 5.7×28mm has a cartridge case capacity of 0.90 ml (13.85 grains H 2 O). [46] 5.7×28mm maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions in millimeters (mm) Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 35 degrees.
The .50-70 was nevertheless adopted as a temporary solution until a significantly improved rifle and cartridge could be developed. The result of the quest for a more accurate, flatter shooting .45 caliber cartridge and firearm was the Springfield trapdoor rifle. Like the .50-70, the .45-70 used a copper center-fire case design.
The 12.7 × 108 mm has 22.72 ml (350 grains) H 2 O cartridge case capacity. 12.7 × 108 mm maximum cartridge dimensions.[citation needed] All sizes in millimeters (mm). Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 18.16 degrees. According to guidelines the 12.7 × 108 mm case can handle up to 360 MPa (52,213 psi) piezo pressure.
With the new Model 1886 lever-action rifle, and appearance of new smokeless powders on the market, in 1891, Winchester Repeating Arms Company started to experiment with necking down the .45-70 cartridge. The first attempt, a .31-62 with a 200-grain bullet, reportedly resulted in pressures too high for the action.
The 5.56×45mm NATO standard SS109/M855 cartridge was designed for maximum performance when fired from a 508 mm (20.0 in) long barrel, as was the original 5.56 mm M193 cartridge. Experiments with longer length barrels up to 610 mm (24.0 in) resulted in no improvement or a decrease in muzzle velocities for the SS109/M855 cartridge.