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Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, [ 8][ 9][ 10] in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it can potentially have negative effects on health. People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's weight divided by the square of the person's height—is over 30 kg / m 2 ...
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. [ 1]
Cushing's syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol. [4] [9] [10] Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity but with thin arms and legs, reddish stretch marks, a round red face due to facial plethora, [11] a fat lump between the shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne, and fragile skin that heals ...
The exact prevalence of obesity hypoventilation syndrome is unknown, and it is thought that many people with symptoms of OHS have not been diagnosed. [4] About a third of all people with morbid obesity (a body mass index exceeding 40 kg/m 2 ) have elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Starvation. Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition. In humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage [ 1] and eventually, death. The term inanition[ 2] refers to the symptoms and effects of starvation.
Stages of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, progressing from healthy, to steatosis (fat accumulation), inflammation, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease ( MASLD ), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ), [ a ] is a type of chronic liver disease.
ROHHAD. Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysregulation, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation ( ROHHAD) is a rare condition whose etiology is currently unknown. [ 1] ROHHAD mainly affects the endocrine system and autonomic nervous system, but patients can exhibit a variety of signs. Patients present with both alveolar ...
The term "metabolically obese normal weight" (MONW) refers to people with normal weight and body mass index (BMI), who display some metabolic characteristics which increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in the same way as obesity. People with MONW have excess visceral fat, and are predisposed to hyperinsulinemia, insulin-resistance ...
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