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  2. Lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens

    A compound lens is a collection of simple lenses of different shapes and made of materials of different refractive indices, arranged one after the other with a common axis. In a multiple-lens system, each lens treats the previous lens's image as an object, and produces a new image of it, so that the imaging is cascaded through the lenses.

  3. Optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics

    Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. [ 1] Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation, and other forms of ...

  4. Camera lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_lens

    Different kinds of camera lenses, including wide angle, telephoto and speciality. A camera lens (also known as photographic lens or photographic objective) is an optical lens or assembly of lenses used in conjunction with a camera body and mechanism to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing an image chemically or electronically.

  5. Optical aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_aberration

    Optical aberration. 1: Imaging by a lens with chromatic aberration. 2: A lens with less chromatic aberration. In optics, aberration is a property of optical systems, such as lenses, that causes light to be spread out over some region of space rather than focused to a point. [1]

  6. Focal length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length

    The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light. A system with a shorter focal length bends the rays ...

  7. Geometrical optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical_optics

    Geometrical optics. Geometrical optics, or ray optics, is a model of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. The ray in geometrical optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances. The simplifying assumptions of geometrical optics include that light rays:

  8. Gravitational lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens

    Gravitational lenses act equally on all kinds of electromagnetic radiation, not just visible light, and also in non-electromagnetic radiation, like gravitational waves. Weak lensing effects are being studied for the cosmic microwave background as well as galaxy surveys. Strong lenses have been observed in radio and x-ray regimes as well. If a ...

  9. Zoom lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_lens

    A zoom lens is a system of camera lens elements for which the focal length (and thus angle of view) can be varied, as opposed to a fixed-focal-length (FFL) lens ( prime lens ). A true zoom lens or optical zoom lens is a type of parfocal lens, one that maintains focus when its focal length changes. [1] Most consumer zoom lenses do not maintain ...