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Stages of play is a theory and classification of children's participation in play developed by Mildred Parten Newhall in her 1929 dissertation. [1] Parten observed American preschool age (ages 2 to 5) children at free play (defined as anything unrelated to survival, production or profit).
Mildred Bernice Parten Newhall (August 4, 1902 – May 26, 1970) was an American sociologist, a researcher at University of Minnesota 's Institute of Child Development. She completed her doctoral dissertation in 1929. [1] In it she developed the theory of six stages of child's play, which led to a series of influential publications. [2][3][4][5]
Brian Sutton-Smith in the 1970s. Brian Sutton Smith (July 15, 1924 – March 7, 2015), [1] better known as Brian Sutton-Smith, was a play theorist who spent his lifetime attempting to discover the cultural significance of play in human life, arguing that any useful definition of play must apply to both adults and children.
Publication date. 1938 [1] Publication place. Netherlands. Published in English. 1949. Homo Ludens is a book originally published in Dutch in 1938 [2] by Dutch historian and cultural theorist Johan Huizinga. [3] It discusses the importance of the play element of culture and society. [4] Huizinga suggests that play is primary to and a necessary ...
Sara Smilansky (Hebrew: שרה סמילנסקי, January 28, 1922, [1] Jerusalem, Israel [2] – December 5, 2006 [3]) was a professor at Tel Aviv University in Israel and was a senior researcher for The Henrietta Szold Institute: The National Institute for Research in the Behavioral Sciences for the Ruth Bressler Center for Research in Education. [4]
Learning through play. Learning through play is a term used in education and psychology to describe how a child can learn to make sense of the world around them. Through play children can develop social and cognitive skills, mature emotionally, and gain the self-confidence required to engage in new experiences and environments.
Jean William Fritz Piaget (UK: / piˈæʒeɪ /, [1][2] US: / ˌpiːəˈʒeɪ, pjɑːˈʒeɪ /; [3][4][5] French: [ʒɑ̃ pjaʒɛ]; 9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development. Piaget's theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called genetic epistemology.
Although various classical theories of humor and laughter may be found, in contemporary academic literature, three theories of humor appear repeatedly: relief theory, superiority theory, and incongruity theory. [1] These theories are used as building blocks for the rest of the theories. Among current humor researchers, there has yet to be a ...